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Lesley Hawes MPH PhD

@lesleyhawes4

Public health, Microbiology, Epidemiology COVID-19, Antimicrobial Resistance & Stewardship in General Practice Wurundjeri land, Melbourne, Australia

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Latest posts by Lesley Hawes MPH PhD @lesleyhawes4

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"Fighting Against COVID-19 Requires Wearing a Face Mask by Not Some but All" is available at the Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives. doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2024...

17.02.2026 16:30 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 1 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

Crucial paper published Friday that deserves much more attention in the #LongCOVID world: www.nature.com/articles/s41...

TLDR: 13/15 immunocompromised patients who had chronic COVID infections (>200 days) cleared the virus in under 2 weeks when given combo antivirals/monoclonals

1/

17.02.2026 18:19 πŸ‘ 138 πŸ” 53 πŸ’¬ 2 πŸ“Œ 8
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Exclusive: Key US infectious-diseases centre to drop pandemic preparation Staff members have been instructed to scrub this topic and β€˜biodefense’ from the agency’s website.

Such treachery. Doesn’t our govt understand pandemic threats? Our vulnerability to zoonotic flu, next SARS-3 coronavirus; arboviruses and tick borne illness from climate change here on the Gulf Coast; bioweapons from our enemies: Russia, DPRK, Iran, what’s going on?

www.nature.com/articles/d41...

14.02.2026 01:51 πŸ‘ 289 πŸ” 132 πŸ’¬ 32 πŸ“Œ 14

In case anyone is wondering about that Noah Wyle clip from Jimmy Kimmel's showβ€”sphenopalatine ganglioneuralgia is the fancy medical term for brain freeze/ice cream headache.

16.01.2026 03:04 πŸ‘ 105 πŸ” 22 πŸ’¬ 4 πŸ“Œ 1
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πŸ“Ί OMGβ€”who made this?! Noah Wyle has a message for all youβ€”vaccine skeptics…

Share with a friend who needs to hear it.

15.01.2026 20:06 πŸ‘ 1042 πŸ” 453 πŸ’¬ 29 πŸ“Œ 60

Do you have a link to the paper please? The link you posted is to the home page only

15.01.2026 22:07 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0
PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans...

Persistent neurological disease after COVID-19 is a major problem, yet the underlying mechanism is unclear. Using mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2, we show that infection confined to the respiratory tract triggers long-lasting loss of dopaminergic neurons in the olfactory bulb and substantia nigra,

15.01.2026 21:28 πŸ‘ 5 πŸ” 1 πŸ’¬ 2 πŸ“Œ 0

The takeaway: H5 #avianflu isn’t slowing down. It’s accelerating. And each new clade is a reminder that surveillance, sequencing, and real cross-sector coordination aren’t optional, they’re the only way to keep up. 🦠πŸ₯ΌπŸ˜·πŸ”¬πŸ“πŸ§ͺ

#H5N1 #influenza #avianinfluenza #birdflu

26.11.2025 16:06 πŸ‘ 7 πŸ” 3 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
Client Challenge

In our recent @nature.com Communications study, we compared traditional #poultry swabs with environmental #metagenomics, sampling #air, cage surfaces, carcass wash water, and drinking water in two Cambodian live bird markets. πŸ¦ πŸ˜·πŸ”¬πŸ§ͺπŸ“πŸ₯Ό

www.nature.com/articles/s41...

14.01.2026 02:19 πŸ‘ 5 πŸ” 5 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 1

Correctly using practice and practise.

02.01.2026 21:21 πŸ‘ 3 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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BA.3.2 emerged in Nov 2024 after ~3 years of intrahost evolution with >50 new spike AA muts, but since then, it's changed very little.

Could the mutagenic drug molnupiravir (MOV) galvanize BA.3.2 into pursuing new evolutionary paths? A new 89-mut BA.3.2 sequence hints that it could. 1/11

24.12.2025 22:03 πŸ‘ 105 πŸ” 44 πŸ’¬ 6 πŸ“Œ 5
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The magic of maths: festive puzzles to give your brain – and imagination – a workout No complicated formulas are needed to solve these puzzles – just your imagination and a bit of patience.

No complicated formulas are needed to solve these puzzles – just your imagination and a bit of patience.

24.12.2025 13:28 πŸ‘ 4 πŸ” 1 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0

So long as the ChatGPT calendar doesn't 🀣

21.12.2025 11:56 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

The date mentioned was 30th Feb...

Like saying 31 September

21.12.2025 11:43 πŸ‘ 3 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0

Sounds outdoorsy... Do you have any bridge climbs there? (Eg like Sydney Harbour Bridge climb) Or an abseil/rock climb session? White water rafting? More sedate: Concert/theatre tickets to something a bit unusual? (Maybe not AC/DC if into classical tho!) Escape room?

13.12.2025 11:09 πŸ‘ 1 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0

Should you wear a mask if you've got symptomatic flu? YES. If you wear it at home *from the onset of your symptoms*, your family members are much less likely to catch flu from you (but you must avoid unmasked co-sleeping and eating around same table - have your meals alone). 1/

10.12.2025 20:40 πŸ‘ 512 πŸ” 197 πŸ’¬ 10 πŸ“Œ 6

What Steve said. There has never been a study in which high-quality, well-fitting masks were actually WORN that did not show a significant impact on disease transmission. Many mask studies failed to take account of post-allocation confounders (non-adherence + non-mask people choosing to mask).

12.12.2025 11:26 πŸ‘ 250 πŸ” 91 πŸ’¬ 4 πŸ“Œ 1
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Intracellular interactions shape antiviral resistance outcomes in poliovirus via eco-evolutionary feedback - Nature Ecology & Evolution A model of intrahost poliovirus replication shows that, after several rounds of replication, pocapavir, a poliovirus capsid inhibitor, collapses viral density, preventing intracellular interactions th...

My first lead author paper is out with Ben Kerr and @alisonfeder.bsky.social! We found that making an antiviral too strong can sometimes make resistance easier to evolve. This has implications for how we design drugs, choose doses, and think about viral evolution in the face of treatment. (1/n)

08.12.2025 17:14 πŸ‘ 79 πŸ” 31 πŸ’¬ 4 πŸ“Œ 3
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I’m from the generation that remembers when these diseases ran rampant. Perhaps we need to be reminded with a dose of repeated history

06.12.2025 15:07 πŸ‘ 2336 πŸ” 733 πŸ’¬ 74 πŸ“Œ 27
The global expansion of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza - Prof Thijs Kuiken
The global expansion of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza - Prof Thijs Kuiken YouTube video by Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute

If you are interested in more detailed background information about the emergence and worldwide spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1, here is an open access video of a lecture I gave for the University of Sydney. m.youtube.com/watch?v=ImFD...

07.12.2025 06:04 πŸ‘ 6 πŸ” 8 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination and 4-Year All-Cause Mortality Among Adults in France This cohort study uses the data from all adults aged 18 to 59 years living in France on November 1, 2021, to evaluate whether there is an association of receipt of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine with long-t...

"this national cohort study of 28 million individuals, the results found no increased risk of 4-year all-cause mortality in individuals aged 18 to 59 years vaccinated against COVID-19, further supporting the safety of the mRNA vaccines that are widely used worldwide."
jamanetwork.com/journals/jam...

05.12.2025 22:57 πŸ‘ 4 πŸ” 4 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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2025 Cervical Cancer Elimination Progress Report | C4 Australia’s progress towards the elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem

Vaccines save lives: "There were no cervical cancer cases diagnosed in women aged <25 years in 2021 – the first time that this has occurred in data going back to 1982. This remarkable achievement is almost certainly due to the impact of HPV vaccination" Australia
report.cervicalcancercontrol.org.au

28.11.2025 09:59 πŸ‘ 1 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
A page from the Victorian Respiratory Surveillance Report dated 28 November 2025 titled β€œLaboratory surveillance.” It explains that COVID-19, influenza, and RSV cases confirmed through lab testing are only part of the total infections in the community, and results may be influenced by testing changes.

A summary states: In the past week, COVID-19 notifications increased by 9%, influenza notifications increased by 26%, and RSV notifications decreased by 11%.

Three info boxes follow:

COVID-19: 9% increase with an orange upward trend arrow

Influenza: 26% increase with a purple upward arrow

RSV: 11% decrease with a blue downward arrow

A page from the Victorian Respiratory Surveillance Report dated 28 November 2025 titled β€œLaboratory surveillance.” It explains that COVID-19, influenza, and RSV cases confirmed through lab testing are only part of the total infections in the community, and results may be influenced by testing changes. A summary states: In the past week, COVID-19 notifications increased by 9%, influenza notifications increased by 26%, and RSV notifications decreased by 11%. Three info boxes follow: COVID-19: 9% increase with an orange upward trend arrow Influenza: 26% increase with a purple upward arrow RSV: 11% decrease with a blue downward arrow

A page from the Victorian Respiratory Surveillance Report dated 28 November 2025, focusing on COVID-19. A bar chart titled β€œCOVID-19 notified cases by week, Victoria, 24 November 2024 to 22 November 2025” shows weekly case counts. Cases were high around December 2024 and peaked again mid-2025, then declined into spring before slightly rising again in November.

Below the chart are three information boxes:

472 notified COVID-19 cases two weeks ago (9–15 Nov 2025)

515 notified COVID-19 cases last week (16–22 Nov 2025)

9% increase with an upward orange trend arrow

A page from the Victorian Respiratory Surveillance Report dated 28 November 2025, focusing on COVID-19. A bar chart titled β€œCOVID-19 notified cases by week, Victoria, 24 November 2024 to 22 November 2025” shows weekly case counts. Cases were high around December 2024 and peaked again mid-2025, then declined into spring before slightly rising again in November. Below the chart are three information boxes: 472 notified COVID-19 cases two weeks ago (9–15 Nov 2025) 515 notified COVID-19 cases last week (16–22 Nov 2025) 9% increase with an upward orange trend arrow

A page from the Victorian Respiratory Surveillance Report dated 28 November 2025, focused on Influenza. A bar chart titled β€œInfluenza notified cases by week, Victoria, 24 November 2024 to 22 November 2025” shows weekly infections separated by Influenza A, Influenza B, and combined categories. Cases are low over summer, peak strongly around mid-2025 near 5,000 weekly cases, then decline but rise again in November.

Below the chart are data panels:

Influenza A:
β€’ 1,808 cases two weeks ago (9–15 Nov 2025)
β€’ 2,283 cases last week (16–22 Nov 2025)
β€’ 26% increase with a purple arrow trending up

Influenza B:
β€’ 33 cases two weeks ago
β€’ 41 cases last week
β€’ 24% increase with a purple upward arrow

A page from the Victorian Respiratory Surveillance Report dated 28 November 2025, focused on Influenza. A bar chart titled β€œInfluenza notified cases by week, Victoria, 24 November 2024 to 22 November 2025” shows weekly infections separated by Influenza A, Influenza B, and combined categories. Cases are low over summer, peak strongly around mid-2025 near 5,000 weekly cases, then decline but rise again in November. Below the chart are data panels: Influenza A: β€’ 1,808 cases two weeks ago (9–15 Nov 2025) β€’ 2,283 cases last week (16–22 Nov 2025) β€’ 26% increase with a purple arrow trending up Influenza B: β€’ 33 cases two weeks ago β€’ 41 cases last week β€’ 24% increase with a purple upward arrow

A page from the Victorian Respiratory Surveillance Report dated 28 November 2025 focusing on Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). A weekly bar chart titled β€œRSV notified cases by week, Victoria, 24 November 2024 to 22 November 2025” shows low case levels through summer, followed by a steep increase in winter peaking around July 2025 at roughly 2,000 cases per week, then falling toward late 2025.

Below the chart are three data boxes:

193 notified RSV cases two weeks ago (9–15 Nov 2025)

171 notified RSV cases last week (16–22 Nov 2025)

11% decrease with a blue downward arrow

A page from the Victorian Respiratory Surveillance Report dated 28 November 2025 focusing on Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). A weekly bar chart titled β€œRSV notified cases by week, Victoria, 24 November 2024 to 22 November 2025” shows low case levels through summer, followed by a steep increase in winter peaking around July 2025 at roughly 2,000 cases per week, then falling toward late 2025. Below the chart are three data boxes: 193 notified RSV cases two weeks ago (9–15 Nov 2025) 171 notified RSV cases last week (16–22 Nov 2025) 11% decrease with a blue downward arrow

Victorian Weekly Respiratory Surveillance Report: 28 Nov 2025

From 16 Nov – 22 Nov 2025

πŸ”ΈCOVID positivity rate: 3.2% (+0.8%)

πŸ”ΉCOVID: 515 (+9%)
πŸ”ΉInfluenza A: 2,283 (+26%)
πŸ”ΉInfluenza B: 41 (+24%)
πŸ”ΉRSV: 171 (-11%)

Source: health.vic.gov.au/infectious-d...

28.11.2025 01:10 πŸ‘ 39 πŸ” 16 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 1
A dark-themed table titled β€œAUSTRALIA Weekly COVID Update – 28 November 2025.” It lists States and Territories with icons indicating trend direction, percentage change, and reporting notes.

VIC: UP +9% β€” Fortnightly reporting / Weekly update, positivity 3.2%

NSW: UP +5.3% β€” Weekly update, positivity 2.7%
(Line break separating NSW from WA)

WA: DOWN -34.0% β€” Weekly update, average 17 per day in hospital, positivity 1.8%

QLD: DOWN -11.3% β€” Weekly update, 34 in hospital, hospitalisations +17.2%

SA: DOWN -5.5% β€” Weekly update

TAS: No current trend data β€” Monthly reporting, next update 12 Dec

ACT: No current data β€” Reporting paused until autumn/winter 2026

NT: No current data β€” NT COVID reporting discontinued on health website

Aged care: DOWN -20.9% β€” Weekly update, no resident deaths reported

The table headers read: State/Territory, Trend, % Change, Reporting Notes. Blue arrow icons point up or down to show changes.

A dark-themed table titled β€œAUSTRALIA Weekly COVID Update – 28 November 2025.” It lists States and Territories with icons indicating trend direction, percentage change, and reporting notes. VIC: UP +9% β€” Fortnightly reporting / Weekly update, positivity 3.2% NSW: UP +5.3% β€” Weekly update, positivity 2.7% (Line break separating NSW from WA) WA: DOWN -34.0% β€” Weekly update, average 17 per day in hospital, positivity 1.8% QLD: DOWN -11.3% β€” Weekly update, 34 in hospital, hospitalisations +17.2% SA: DOWN -5.5% β€” Weekly update TAS: No current trend data β€” Monthly reporting, next update 12 Dec ACT: No current data β€” Reporting paused until autumn/winter 2026 NT: No current data β€” NT COVID reporting discontinued on health website Aged care: DOWN -20.9% β€” Weekly update, no resident deaths reported The table headers read: State/Territory, Trend, % Change, Reporting Notes. Blue arrow icons point up or down to show changes.

AUSTRALIA Weekly COVID Update: 28 November 2025

VIC: Up (+9.0%)
NSW: Up (+5.3%)

WA: Down (-34.0%) Avg 17/day in hospital
QLD: Down (-11.3%) 34 in hospital (+17.2%)
SA: Down (-5.5%)

TAS: Next update: 12 Dec
ACT: Paused reporting for 2025

Aged-care: Down (-20.9%) No deaths reported

28.11.2025 07:56 πŸ‘ 58 πŸ” 14 πŸ’¬ 3 πŸ“Œ 1

Fascinating article! Thanks for sharing @catanita.bsky.social
Phew - 88% of Australians know that antibiotics don't work against viruses.

25.11.2025 23:38 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 1 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0
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A disease suppression strategy in action: The impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions in the COVID-19 pandemic in Denmark When a new respiratory virus emerges, the only control options are non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) until a vaccine or an effective treatment becomes available. An early analysis of NPIs conclu...

β€œOn February 1, 2022, while facing the Omicron variant and with the older adult newly boosted, Denmark became the first country to drop all NPIs. A few months later, 70% of the population had been infected with the Omicron variant, showing the SARS-CoV-2 transmission potential when unmitigated.”

25.11.2025 16:25 πŸ‘ 44 πŸ” 20 πŸ’¬ 2 πŸ“Œ 1
Image taken from NSW respiratory report. Two graphs. Small increase in both influenza and COVID 19 from a low baseline.

Image taken from NSW respiratory report. Two graphs. Small increase in both influenza and COVID 19 from a low baseline.

Oooo

That tiny uptick in flu I saw a few weeks ago… it hasn’t gone down.

It’s grown.

This is Australia. We aren’t expecting our next flu wave for months.

Cause?

26.11.2025 05:56 πŸ‘ 61 πŸ” 16 πŸ’¬ 4 πŸ“Œ 1
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because bluesky is not well served by news or govt agencies - here is a map of just some of the 150 plus bushfires and other incidents in NSW right now

last update: 550pm

26.11.2025 06:55 πŸ‘ 11 πŸ” 4 πŸ’¬ 2 πŸ“Œ 2

For the first time in my career, I can’t tell people to trust what the CDC website says. And that is an incredibly sad and devastating place for this country to be.

20.11.2025 04:22 πŸ‘ 3374 πŸ” 959 πŸ’¬ 37 πŸ“Œ 33