@concettagigante
PhD candidate in Economics @liverpooluni.bsky.social funded by @ukri.org ESRC, previously MRes @qmul.bsky.social, MPhil @cam.ac.uk | Macro, labour markets, econ growth, public econ. Website: https://sites.google.com/view/concettagigante/concetta-gigante
Thank you, @ukdsimpact.bsky.social for featuring my research on the geography of the workforce wage gap in the UK.
If you would like to read more, the full blog is available here: blog.ukdataservice.ac.uk/gender-pay-g...
🔗 Learn more about my research agenda here ⬇️
sites.google.com/view/concett...
📧 Feedback and comments are very appreciated 😊
📄 I would love to hear your thoughts 😊 Please share your feedback and read this study in the full working paper available here ⬇️
🔗 concettagigante.github.io/Gigante_Worf...
📩 DM or get in touch at: concetta.gigante@liverpool.ac.uk
18/18
🔖 Research in progress:
🏗️ Incorporated the evidence in a macroeconomic model of the gender wage gap in space to quantify the effects of this UK pay transparency policy on workers’ productivity and economic growth.
17/n
📌 Takeaways (2/2)
3. 💷 Structural inequality persists in the workforce wage gap in space.
4. 📝 Policy recommendation: Pay transparency policies need a coordinated approach with cultural change initiatives that tackle systemic barriers.
16/n
📌 Takeaways (1/2)
1. 🗺️ Workforce wage gap is a spatially differentiated phenomenon.
2. 💰 Examined how the geography of the gender wage gap interacts with the structure of the labour market.
15/n
👩🔬 I reverse engineer the mechanism by investigating whether the gender wage gap affects the likelihood of women taking full time employment. I find a statistically significant reduction in this probability, estimated between 17.3% and 68.7%.
14/n
⚖️ Mechanism
Raising ⬆️ hours of work of female workers in full-time employment and the years of experience significantly reduces ⬇️ the gender wage gap.
13/n
📈 My findings reveal that the gender wage gap decreased after the first three years post-policy in the South West, with an overall estimated effect of 2.32%.
12/n
💼 In 2017 the UK Government mandated transparency in pays with the Equality Act 2010 (Specific Duties and Public Authorities) Regulation 2017 with disclosure of wage measures for employers with >= 250 employees.
11/n
Equality Act 2010 (Specific Duties and Public Authorities) Regulation 2017 in the UK
📖 My main contribution is the study of the effects of the Gender Wage Gap Reporting Policy through the provision of empirical evidence with quasi-experimental methods.
10/n
🏤 Employment type matters:
🅰️ About 93.39% of male workers hold full-time jobs 👨🏭
🅱️ Only 60.57% of women do 👩🏭
🪧 Part-time work disproportionately affects women.
9/n
↘️ Wage inequality within each group of female and male is the highest in the South East of England.
8/n
➗ The workforce wage gap in space shows a clear divide between the North and the South in the UK.
🎗️ The South East, South West and East of England have the highest gap at an average of 24.57%
🪙 Northern Ireland, Wales and London have the relatively lowest wage gap ranging from 11.2% to 17.6%
7/n
🏢 The figure changes when narrowed by occupations and industries:
👷Skilled trades show the highest gender wage gap at 24%
🧑🏫 Gender wage gap in professional occupations has been increasing over time at 17% in 2024
🏫 Public admin, education and health show less variation in the gender wage gap
6/n
💷 Women still earn 17% less than men in 2024. That is women earn 83p for every £1 earned by men.
📉 A modest decline of 8% since 2004.
🙋 Progress is evident, yet inequality remains embedded. Why❓
5/n
🔬 I use data from the Labour Force Survey in the period 2003-2024 with over 1 million observations to track wage inequality and the gender wage gap across regions, industries and occupations, and over time.
4/n
🧩I address three questions:
1️⃣ How do different within space industrial and job structures impact the geography of the gender wage gap?
2️⃣ How do geographical labor market characteristics contribute to the workforce wage gap?
3️⃣ What's the effect of the Gender Wage Gap Reporting Policy in the UK?
3/n
📄 In my new paper I offer a comprehensive quasi-experimental study in a longitudinal dimension of the workforce wage gap in space across vertical and horizontal segregation, labour market transformations and the drivers of structural inequality in the workforce wage gap.
2/n
📖 💡 New Paper Alert 💡 📖
Very excited to share my paper “Workforce Wage Gap in Space, Labour Market Transformations and Structural Inequality” is now available here ⬇️
🔗 concettagigante.github.io/Gigante_Worf...
🧵 A thread with some results below.
#EconBluesky
1/n
It's clear this idea has wide support. An objective International Panel on Inequality with experts from around the world to advise governments, examine current inequality data and look for areas that need more research. Similar to the IPCC. The time is now.
apnews.com/article/glob...
UK GDP grew by 0.1% q/q in Q3 2025, underperforming consensus estimates of 0.2%. These figures mark a slowdown from the first half of 2025 (0.7% in Q1, and 0.3% in Q2).
Check out this new essay by our own @timbartik.bsky.social on the intersection between the abundance movement and place-based policies. It seems that some places respond very differently to job creation incentives than others. #econsky
📉 12 months of very low earnings growth, despite an uptick in September, is bad news for low-income families.
With inflation still above target, without real income growth families are likely to face increasing financial strain.
Today our University community came together for #RemembranceDay to honour University staff and students who lost their lives in the First and Second World Wars and other conflicts.
A moving service at @victoriagallery.bsky.social and the Chavasse Memorial reminded us all:
We will remember them. ❤️
A study of what happens when all economically valuable work can be done with compute. When bottlenecks disappear, wages fall to their compute-equivalent level, from Pascual Restrepo www.nber.org/papers/w34423
The River of Light @lpoolcouncil.bsky.social where Science meets Light and Art! Liverpool, you made really captivating installations for the #RiverofLight 😊
Very grateful to the @ukdsimpact.bsky.social for covering my research on the effects of the Universal Credit scheme on worked hours of low-income workers.
Read the blog in the link below ⬇️
🔗 blog.ukdataservice.ac.uk/universal-cr...
Economic progress is critically dependent on open intellectual inquiry, the free exchange of ideas & a vigorous defence of scientific principles - Ran Abramitzky & Mauricio Drelichman on new #EconomicsNobel laureate Joel Mokyr @voxeu.org
cepr.org/voxeu/column...
Thoroughly enjoyed this read. A very interesting column on "Sustained growth through creative destruction" for the recent Nobel laureates Philippe Aghion and Peter Howitt by Pete Klenow bridging technical rigour with analytical relevance.