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Chris Carothers

@chriscarothers

Research and writing on authoritarianism in China and East Asia. Working at Foreign Service Institute; Wilson Center China fellow; scholar at UPenn. Views expressed herein represent me alone.

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25.09.2023
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Latest posts by Chris Carothers @chriscarothers

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I've wanted for a long time to write about how both the "China is a revisionist power" and "China is a defensive power" camps don't focus enough on the disconnect between China's self-perception and its behavior.

Thanks to
@thediplomat.com .

thediplomat.com/2026/03/chin...

07.03.2026 15:26 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Good point!

03.07.2025 23:53 ๐Ÿ‘ 1 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

What does this "China first" attitude mean for EU-China relations?

What can Europeans do to get China to take the European perspective seriously?

I genuinely don't know!

03.07.2025 23:36 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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่ฟ™ๅฐฑๆ˜ฏไธญๅ›ฝ ็ฌฌ289ๆœŸ๏ผšๆฌงๆดฒ้‡ๆ–ฐๆ€่€ƒไธญๅ›ฝ๏ฝœ#ไธญๆฌงๅ…ณ็ณป๏ฝœ#็พŽๅ›ฝ๏ฝœ#็‰นๆœ—ๆ™ฎ๏ฝœ#ไฟ„ไนŒๅ†ฒ็ช๏ฝœ#่Œƒๅ‹‡้น๏ฝœ#ๅผ ็ปดไธบ๏ฝœ#่ฟ™ๅฐฑๆ˜ฏไธญๅ›ฝ๏ฝœChina Now๏ฝœFULL Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube.

And he's saying all this in just the most patronizing tone.

I wonder if this is how he would talk to Europeans ๐Ÿค”.

The interview, on CHINA NOW, for those who are interested and understand Chinese:
tinyurl.com/yranr35t

7/n

03.07.2025 23:28 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 2 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

The only solution for Europe (clearly) is making friends with China and greater participation in China's Belt and Road Initiative.

Europe "is reliant on China's tech"...but clearly not reliant enough!

6/n

03.07.2025 23:26 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Europe foolishly let America "instigate" a war in Ukraine.

They let America divide Eastern and Western Europe.

And Europeans even played along with the American left's "silly game of cultural diversity." 5/n

03.07.2025 23:26 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Europe has to "accept" that it's now a second-tier player. It's far behind China in tech, and even development!

4/n

03.07.2025 23:26 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Europe is a "puppet" of America, a โ€œvassal" state.

Don't they realize they need to maintain good relations with Russia?

Only China can see EU interests clearly ๐Ÿ˜‚ 3/n

03.07.2025 23:25 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Apparently Europe has had zero ability to act autonomously or pursue its own interests in the last 20 years.

Evidence: Europe's positive relations with America 2/n

03.07.2025 23:25 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Do Europeans realize how condenscending China's elites are about them?

I'm watching a Fudan professor on state TV give a talk about EU-China relations and...oh boy is it bad 1/n

03.07.2025 23:24 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Nobody Cares About the Partyโ€™s Recommended Readings Executive Summary: The Propaganda Departmentโ€™s top books from 2024 highlight those by Xi Jinping, as well as ones focused on military themes, Party history, and Chinaโ€™s place in the world. This offici...

Even if professors established a dictatorship in the classroom, students still wouldn't do the readings....

jamestown.org/program/nobo...

28.04.2025 13:59 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Are they NGOs or CCP operatives?

A good example of how the CCP hides its influence over an organization through giving it a dual identity...

www.washingtonpost.com/world/2025/0...

28.04.2025 13:30 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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I'm pleased to share this new article with co-author Zhu Zhang about why China's ruling institutions often operate with dual identities.

We coin the term "institutional doubling."

This one is for the real China governance nerds!

@jcca-gigahamburg.bsky.social

journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/...

15.04.2025 13:41 ๐Ÿ‘ 1 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 1
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Backsliding and Resistance in the United States โ€“ Ash Center In this webinar, Professors Erica Chenoweth and Steven Levitsky will discuss what can be learned from mobilization and opposition to autocracy in the United States based on historical examples, and wi...

Join @stevelevitsky.bsky.social & me on April 3 at 4pm ET. Weโ€™ll catch up on the current state of backsliding and resistance in the US. Register below.

26.03.2025 18:58 ๐Ÿ‘ 83 ๐Ÿ” 29 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 2 ๐Ÿ“Œ 1
America the Failure? Critical Narratives of the United States in Chinese State Media | The China Quarterly | Cambridge Core America the Failure? Critical Narratives of the United States in Chinese State Media

There's a lot more, including juicy examples of some of the People's Daily's meanest slams of America, all in our article...

Please read if interested and thank you:

www.cambridge.org/core/journal...

08.02.2025 16:24 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

We can call this "relative legitimacy": This government is better than some alternative, as defined by the regime. Keep supporting me because I'm better than
a. the previous regime
b. the rival foreign power
c. what would happen if I were toppled

The CCP is leaning on this kind of legitimacy...

08.02.2025 16:22 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Scholars have often argued China relies on "performance legitimacy"... true! But performance isn't just objective, it's also relative.

Anti-American messaging helps the CCP say that its rule is better by comparison, better than the best alternative...

08.02.2025 16:20 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

The US is a hegemon, whereas China is a "responsible great power" winning hearts and minds...

The US fails its people because it doesn't care, whereas China takes care of its people, besting Covid and keeping order!

The US is in decline, whereas China...

08.02.2025 16:18 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

And at home, saying America is a hegemon, a moral vacuum, and a declining power isn't just for rallying Chinese against America. It's also a strategy to get them to see their own government more positively

Showing American flaws to highlight CCP wins...

08.02.2025 16:16 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

US policymakers should also understand that its these same negative stories of America that the CCP is spreading all over the world.

The party is literally taking and tailoring anti-US propaganda to fit local contexts as a key part of its global information strategy...

08.02.2025 16:14 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Imagine if you're a Chinese citizen and that's the story of America you are getting. You'd be pissed! Would you want your government to back down from this bully?

Of course not!

...

08.02.2025 16:12 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

We have to understand that the CCP is telling its people a story to prepare them for US-China conflict.

The story says that the US is the revisionist power, not China.

It says that the US is lashing out at China because it is in decline and fears China's peaceful rise...

08.02.2025 16:11 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

How's that for a rebuttal to the common PRC complaint that American media's coverage of China is biased?

But our essay isn't a "gotcha"โ€”these findings potentially matter for US policy...

08.02.2025 16:09 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

These days, these narratives permeate the CCP's discussion of nearly everything about America.

Between 2019 and 2022, more than 90% of People's Daily editorials about America promoted at least one of these stories...

08.02.2025 16:06 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Sound familiar? Of course!

None of these narratives is new.

But they've all been promoted MUCH more aggressively since around 2018โ€“2019, when US-China relations began to tank...

08.02.2025 16:02 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Basically, there are three stories the CCP has about America, all negative:

1. The US is a dangerous hegemon that bullies other countries, especially China.
2. The US is a morally weak society that doesn't take care of its people and isn't a model.
3. The US is in decline at home and abroad...

08.02.2025 15:59 ๐Ÿ‘ 0 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
America the Failure? Critical Narratives of the United States in Chinese State Media | The China Quarterly | Cambridge Core America the Failure? Critical Narratives of the United States in Chinese State Media

What does the CCP say about America to its citizens? A thread based on my new study with Joshua Freedman ๐Ÿ‘‡

www.cambridge.org/core/journal...

08.02.2025 15:56 ๐Ÿ‘ 5 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
America the Failure? Critical Narratives of the United States in Chinese State Media | The China Quarterly | Cambridge Core America the Failure? Critical Narratives of the United States in Chinese State Media

Analysing 1,761 editorials about the US published between 2003โ€“2022 in People's Daily,
@chriscarothers.bsky.social & Joshua B. Freedman investigate CCP messaging about the US in the contemporary era.
doi.org/10.1017/S0305741024001528

07.02.2025 12:11 ๐Ÿ‘ 4 ๐Ÿ” 2 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Sichuan pavilion or Wosai

05.11.2023 04:38 ๐Ÿ‘ 2 ๐Ÿ” 0 ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0 ๐Ÿ“Œ 0