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Richard Maass

@richardmaass

International Relations prof @ODU @GPIS_ODU US Foreign Policy, Security, Int'l Law, etc. Books: πŸ¦… The Picky Eagle πŸ¦… πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ The US + International Law 🌐

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19.08.2023
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Latest posts by Richard Maass @richardmaass

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πŸš€ Must-read: "Rethinking survival in IR: Ontological security and narrated statehood" by @ProfEtuna.

πŸ“–πŸ‘‰ Read here: www.cambridge.org/core/journal...

05.01.2026 10:43 πŸ‘ 6 πŸ” 3 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 2
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The 51st State That Never Was: Why the United States Didn’t Annex Canada Why didn’t the United States annex Canada during earlier historical periods? In short, because it didn’t want to. President Donald Trump has drawn

Surprised+pleased to discover that "The 51st State That Never Was" was the 6th most-read @warontherocks.bsky.social article of 2025!

Check it out here:
warontherocks.com/2025/02/the-...

See the full list here:
warontherocks.com/2025/12/most...

And Happy New Year! πŸŽ‰

01.01.2026 01:21 πŸ‘ 13 πŸ” 4 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 1
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We're excited to welcome Admiral Samuel Paparo, commander of US forces in the Indo-Pacific and a GPIS alum, to ODU for the Waldo Family Lecture on September 29.

If you're in the area, RSVP by scanning the QR code in the flyer below, and join us for what is sure to be a fascinating discussion!

04.09.2025 21:58 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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The wait is over! The Crowd Counting Consortium (with @djpressman.bsky.social & @chenoweth.bsky.social) has just released its June report. They find that No Kings Day was one of the largest days of protest in US history (comparable to Women's March 2017). wagingnonviolence.org/2025/08/new-...

13.08.2025 10:57 πŸ‘ 19 πŸ” 4 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0

The recent collision between Chinese vessels in the South China Sea has brought renewed focus to the gray zone tactics being used in that region. Our latest podcast episode with @richardmaass.bsky.social looks at international legal mechanisms to deter this kind of activity. youtu.be/KlQ0dzuX-Xg

12.08.2025 17:00 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 2 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0

This article by @unlawfulentries.bsky.social in yesterday's TIME magazine offers a short and readable history of birthright citizenship in the United States - including what problems it was meant to solve. Definitely worth checking out!

15.07.2025 12:07 πŸ‘ 5 πŸ” 2 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 1
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What is the "gray zone?" Richard Maass (@richardmaass.bsky.social) presents different conceptualizations of these aggressive actions and offers international legal mechanisms as a method to reduce their likelihood of success in his latest article. Read more tnsr.org/2025/06/lega...

04.07.2025 17:02 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 3 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Declaration of Independence: A Transcription Note: The following text is a transcription of the Stone Engraving of the parchment Declaration of Independence (the document on display in the Rotunda at the National Archives Museum.) The spelling a...

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal... endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness..."

HBD to an extraordinary document, worth re-reading annually:

www.archives.gov/founding-doc...

04.07.2025 12:26 πŸ‘ 4 πŸ” 2 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 1
Int'l security competition in the twenty-first century is likely to remain largely within the β€œgray zone,” a category of aggressive activities that threaten core aspects of statehood while avoiding the threshold of armed force that has traditionally legitimized military retaliation in self-defense.

Int'l security competition in the twenty-first century is likely to remain largely within the β€œgray zone,” a category of aggressive activities that threaten core aspects of statehood while avoiding the threshold of armed force that has traditionally legitimized military retaliation in self-defense.

How can international law deter "gray zone" aggression? Richard Maass (@richardmaass.bsky.social) argues for a new strategy of "legal deterrence by denial."

02.07.2025 15:42 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 1 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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Legal Deterrence by Denial: Strategic Initiative and International Law in the Gray Zone - Texas National Security Review International security competition in the twenty-first century is likely to remain largely within the β€œgray zone”—a category of aggressive activities that threaten core aspects of statehood while avoi...

What happens when you mix
πŸ”Ή 3 cups international law
πŸ”Ή 2 cups deterrence
πŸ”Ή 2 cups gray zone conflict
πŸ”Ή 1 cup aggression
πŸ”Ή 1 cup strategic initiative?

You get this new article, out today in @tnsr.org!

tnsr.org/2025/06/lega...

30.06.2025 16:45 πŸ‘ 4 πŸ” 1 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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My students upon entering class this afternoon: β€œSo we’re at war and we still gotta turn in homework?”

Me, a millennial:

23.06.2025 20:12 πŸ‘ 253 πŸ” 29 πŸ’¬ 6 πŸ“Œ 6

This is evidently where we are now...

23.06.2025 14:36 πŸ‘ 2 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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The Picky Eagle for $14.50?

For those interested in US foreign policy history, race&IR, etc... no better time to grab a copy than during the huge 50% off sale at @cornellupress.bsky.social this week!
www.cornellpress.cornell.edu/book/9781501...

23.06.2025 13:23 πŸ‘ 5 πŸ” 1 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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A reminder of how the number of centrifuges in Iran soared after Trump’s 2018 JCPOA withdrawal.

@brendannyhan.bsky.social

22.06.2025 16:04 πŸ‘ 1126 πŸ” 429 πŸ’¬ 38 πŸ“Œ 32

This πŸ‘‡

22.06.2025 15:53 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
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America's War for the Greater Middle East by Andrew J. Bacevich: 9780553393958 | PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books LONGLISTED FOR THE NATIONAL BOOK AWARD β€’Β A searing reassessment of U.S. military policy in the Middle East over the past four decades from retired army colonel and New York Times bestselling...

Brings to mind Bacevich's book (covering a lot more than post-2023):
www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/241154...

22.06.2025 11:53 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0
Figures showing Iranian enrichment before and after the JCPOA.

Figures showing Iranian enrichment before and after the JCPOA.

I think about this figure a lot.

22.06.2025 00:55 πŸ‘ 188 πŸ” 84 πŸ’¬ 6 πŸ“Œ 4
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Trump approval falls, Israel-Iran conflict, anti-ICE protests, and vaccines: June 13-16, 2025 Economist/YouGov Poll | YouGov This week’s Economist/YouGov poll covers Trump approval numbers, the Israel-Iran conflict, anti-ICE protests, and opinion of Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. and his actions

You Gov numbers: "Only 16% of Americans think the U.S. military should get involved in the conflict between Israel and Iran; 60% say it should not and 24% are not sure"

It's going to change quickly, but let's at least remember where we started.

today.yougov.com/politics/art...

22.06.2025 01:02 πŸ‘ 2136 πŸ” 630 πŸ’¬ 41 πŸ“Œ 24

This was my read of things too. Trump likely wants a clean 1-off, but achieving that is more complicated given the ongoing war between Israel and Iran

22.06.2025 00:59 πŸ‘ 3 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0

Article 2 Section LEEROY JENKINS might have to make it onto the International Law syllabus next fall

22.06.2025 00:52 πŸ‘ 1 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

Good early context from @anjalikdayal.bsky.social

Trump's post sounds like he views these strikes as a clean 1-off rather than start of a larger war... unfortunately, international politics is about interactions where others also have a say in whether it is indeed now "time for peace"

22.06.2025 00:49 πŸ‘ 4 πŸ” 2 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0

A good start would be, e.g. (1) solidifying presidents' inability to defund Congressionally-mandated programs/agencies, and (2) requiring funding for new major initiatives into standalone legislation (not giant budgets) that Congresspeople need to individually endorse (and face voters over).

(2/2)

16.06.2025 12:04 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 1 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0

Another must-read @profsaunders.bsky.social @foreignaffairs.com essay on presidential power and USFP.

Color me skeptical re: reporting requirements as a fix, though. Historically, Congress has best been able to rein in presidents on foreign policy via its power of the purse.

(1/2)

16.06.2025 12:01 πŸ‘ 8 πŸ” 4 πŸ’¬ 1 πŸ“Œ 0
A line chart with a blue line showing a large growth of protest events from Jan 20 - May 31, 2025, and a green line showing the relatively modest growth of protest events during the same period in 2017.

A line chart with a blue line showing a large growth of protest events from Jan 20 - May 31, 2025, and a green line showing the relatively modest growth of protest events during the same period in 2017.

My team and I at the Crowd Counting Consortium (@djpressman@bsky.social, Soha Hammam, & Chris Shay) have a new piece out: wagingnonviolence.org/2025/06/amer.... In it, we show that through May 2025, the size and scale of anti-Trump protests have dwarfed those in 2017. 🧡

13.06.2025 02:25 πŸ‘ 2453 πŸ” 1020 πŸ’¬ 41 πŸ“Œ 131

Ok, I’m no @profpaulpoast.bsky.social but I shall try to do a thread on militaries and protests. Apologies up front to all the brilliant scholars I accidentally leave out - am doing this from memory.
1/

08.06.2025 20:37 πŸ‘ 204 πŸ” 65 πŸ’¬ 2 πŸ“Œ 20

Copycatting sounds more fun than copyediting πŸ˜‚

31.05.2025 11:47 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0

Congratulations! πŸŽ‰

27.05.2025 11:07 πŸ‘ 0 πŸ” 0 πŸ’¬ 0 πŸ“Œ 0