Michal J A Paszkiewicz

I would be very happy to. I'm UK based and setup for remote calls. I'll DM you :)

The Copernican model wasn't used to reform the Gregorian calendar.

The Gregorian Calendar eas designed by Aloysius Lilius using the Ptolemaic model.

... but the Tychonic model.

1. De Revolutionibus wasn't banned, it was censored. The index entry specified a handful of sentences that needed to be modified in the work to make heliocentrism "hypothetical".

2. The Roman Inquisition consulted astronomers in 1616 & sided with the consensus, which was not for the Ptolemaic, ...

An illustration with a caption reading "Fig. 1. Ejection pattern at Teapot ESS nuclear explosion crater." The illustration shows a roughly circular crater rim, surrounded by dots and lines, showing rays extending outward from the center.

A photograph of a lunar crater labeled "Fig. 2. The region of Copernicus( photograph by F.G. Pease, Mount Wilson Observatory). The rim of Copernicus is visible in the center, and bright rays are clearly visible, especially against dark backgrounds, extending outward from the rim.

In 1961, Eugene Shoemaker used Earth analogs to help distinguish between impact and volcanic craters on the moon:

"Many craters on the moon are surrounded by a system of rays resembling the ejecta patterns around nuclear-and high-explosive craters"

He used Teapot ESS and Copernicus to illustrate:

Interesting!

Placed "until corrected", with corrections published in 1620.

It required crossing out a handful of sentences with a pencil to align the main text with the preface, which had effectively been legalised in 1616.

errr... why not just the Jesuit order, who were the world's scientific powerhouse for over 2 centuries.

Was Christianity necessary for the invention of science? What follows is a classic Renaissance Mathematicus rant! I haven’t had a really good rant in some time and this one was provoked by the following exchange on TSMSFKAT[1]. It’s quite long and I incl…

Was Christianity a necessary condition for the rise of modern science? A Renaissance Mathematicus Rant! #histsci

thonyc.wordpress.com/2026/03/04/w...

Copernicus actually used more epicycles (48) than Ptolemy (34).

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Paul V should get more of the blame, really.

I can't help but sympathise with Urban VIII... he had tried to help Galileo. He was clearly under a lot of pressure from trying to negotiate a peace to the 30 years war, while at home his downfall had been predicted by astrologers, and possibly the Spanish Cardinals were plotting his death.
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For sure, it should rather be seen as an incredibly pedantic academic dispute internal to the Church in the Papal States.

P.S. I'm glad I came across you, your book looks awesome, ordered :)

Sure, and that was the case for the Roman Inquisition too - it was false, as it lacked evidence, and therefore not valid for reinterpretation of scripture.

But I don't think we can quite say that, as a result, it wasn't a Theological problem for them.

No, the Roman Inquisition formally acknowledged heliocentrism in 1758.

Galileo was charged with the lesser charge "vehement suspicion of heresy".

Galileo was not charged with "heresy", but the lesser charge "vehement suspicion of heresy", usually given to people who had housed or given gifts to known heretics.

... the experiment. Galileo's disciple Viviani then .ade the claim that Galileo had performed such an experiment at the tower of Pisa. Likely this was made up.

Either way, there are only two possible options - either Galileo didn't perform the experiment, or it was a lousy & inaccurate experiment.

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4. Galileo didn't "prove" that objects of different weight fall at the same time. You can't prove this without a vacuum. Without a vacuum, heavier objects fall faster. Grimaldi and Riccioli demonstrated this at the Asinelli tower.

Grimaldi criticised Galileo for not bothering to perform...

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3. The Church wasn't "preparing a case" against Galileo between 1616 and 1632. He literally broke his 1616 court order in 1632 with the Dialogue (which had been commissioned by Pope Urban).
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2. The Church had no issues with his discoveries. They were all verified or codiscovered by Jesuit priests. All his telescopic discoveries were also compatible with the Tychonic model - the scientific consensus of the time.
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A few errors in the text:
1. Galileo was not charged with heresy. He was charged with "vehement suspicion of heresy", a lessrr charge usually given to people who housed or gave gifts to known heretics.
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That's not quite true - many protestants did have Theological problems with heliocentrism, including Luther himself.

100%
bsky.app/profile/mich...

Richard II certainly was ;)

The Hollow Crown: Richard II features a man looking out to sea with a telescope.

Not only were there no telescopes at the time of Richard II, there were still no telescopes when Shakespeare published Richard II in 1597.

"The Catholic Church gave more financial and social support to the study of astronomy for over six centuries, from the recovery of ancient learning during the late Middle Ages into the Enlightenment, than any other,& probably all, institutions."
-JL Heilbron,The Sun In the Church

Winged sandal of Hermes on Astraea's foot.

... Tradition, and in particular his Ancient Egyptian model, has triumphed over the "new methods".

Astraea, who has judged Riccioli's "Egyptian" model to hold more weight than the Heliocentric, proudly wears a winged sandal of Hermes.

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In Early Modern Europe, Hermes was central to the Hermetic movement, the idea of value of ancient wisdom and the corollary that humanity has only decayed since.

By giving Argus the Telescope, Riccioli is subtly suggesting that ...

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But now, upon reading the Odyssey, the placement is clearer to me.

Hermes in the Odyssey is repeatedly referred to as "Argus slayer", or "Argus' bane". The fact that Hermes slew Argus is an incredibly prominent fact in the tale.
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