Markku Lehmus's Avatar

Markku Lehmus

@markkulehmus

Economics&Rest. Head of Division of the Monetary Policy and Euro Area Economy at the Bank of Finland.

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12.11.2023
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Latest posts by Markku Lehmus @markkulehmus

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Natural gas supply shocks have stagflationary effects in the €zone. A 10% increase in gas prices raises core prices by ~0.5% and reduces economic activity. Gas shocks pass through to core prices more strongly than oil shocks, due to role of gas in European electricity production

11.03.2026 09:55 👍 17 🔁 13 💬 1 📌 1
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It was an exceptional week in oil market:

07.03.2026 08:42 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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28.02.2026 12:47 👍 15611 🔁 4748 💬 379 📌 346
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This new QJE paper concludes that the macroeconomic costs of climate change are far greater than earlier estimates suggested. It finds that a 1°C rise in global temperatures reduces world GDP by over 20%.

28.02.2026 08:05 👍 53 🔁 31 💬 3 📌 4

Tuotannon (arvonlisäyksen) osalta hyvässä kasvussa 2025 olivat alkutuotanto 3,8 %, teollisuus 1,6 %, info ja viestintä 5 %, ammatillinen ym ala 1,3 %, mutta laskussa rakentaminen -1,5 % kauppa -1 %, kuljetus -3,2 % ja rahoitusala -3 %.

Jalostus (B-F) +0,9 %, palvelut -0,1 %.

27.02.2026 07:13 👍 4 🔁 3 💬 0 📌 0
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Household-Level Responses to the European Energy Crisis (Forthcoming Article) - Cost-of-living shocks can have large and unequal effects, but causal evidence on households’ adaptive responses is scarce. Using Finnish administrative microdata from the 2022 ...

Takeaway: high energy prices harm the low-income households more than previously thought, and relief programs should target them. /5

Paper: aeaweb.org/articles?id=...
Ungated version: tinyurl.com/2s4f7fee

25.02.2026 16:11 👍 3 🔁 2 💬 1 📌 0
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Suhdanne | Saksa puhaltaa vauhtia Suomen talouteen Saksa on Suomen tärkeimpiä kauppakumppaneita. Helmikuussa Saksan teollisuuden kasvua ennakoiva indeksi oli vahvimmillaan yli kolmeen vuoteen.

www.hs.fi/visio/art-20...

20.02.2026 21:01 👍 1 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Euro zone business activity improved in February as manufacturing bounced back, PMI shows Euro zone business activity accelerated faster than forecast this month as manufacturing swung back to growth for the first time since October, though the dominant services sector marginally underperformed expectations, a survey showed.

Euro zone business activity improved in February as manufacturing bounced back, PMI shows reut.rs/4kIAYmW

20.02.2026 09:15 👍 20 🔁 8 💬 0 📌 3
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Today’s CBO report says US consumers pay 95% of tariffs. 🤡

@brendanvduke.bsky.social
www.cbo.gov/system/files...

11.02.2026 18:15 👍 2099 🔁 947 💬 54 📌 48
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GDP up by 0.3% in both the euro area and the EU Overview In the fourth quarter of 2025, seasonally adjusted GDP increased by 0.3% in both the euro area and the EU, compared with the previous quarter, according to a preliminary flash estimate publis...

Euroalueen BKT:n kasvu viime vuoden lopulla hieman odotuksia parempi, kasvua 0,3% edellisestä neljänneksestä. Myös Suomi pääsemässä kasvuun kiinni🤞
ec.europa.eu/eurostat/en/...

30.01.2026 14:35 👍 6 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0
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Japan's bond market looking a tiny bit more like everyone else's, which might create problems for everyone else, as well as for the government...

By @urbandirt.bsky.social @davidkeo.bsky.social + me
www.ft.com/content/e2ae...

21.01.2026 11:16 👍 28 🔁 8 💬 2 📌 1
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Luontokato tuli keskuspankkeihin ja rahapolitiikan analyysiin – Euro ja talous Ymmärrys luonnon merkityksestä talouden perustana on viime vuosina syventynyt. Luontokato, ilmastonmuutos ja äärisääilmiöt muodostavat toisiinsa kietoutuvan kokonaisuuden, joka lisää tarjontapuolen hä...

Luontokato yhdessä ilmastonmuutoksen ja äärisääilmiöiden kanssa vaikuttaa inflaatioon ja rahapolitiikan välittymiseen, ja on siksi keskuspankeille tärkeä aihe.

Lue Seija Parviaisen analyysi:https://www.eurojatalous.fi/fi/2026/artikkelit/luontokato-tuli-keskuspankkeihin-ja-rahapolitiikan-analyysiin/

21.01.2026 13:46 👍 6 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0
Monetary Policy Radar | Financial Times Monetary Policy Radar, a new product from FT Professional, has been designed to boost investors’ confidence and help anticipate future monetary policy decisions.

www.ft.com/content/d308...

22.01.2026 06:53 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
Home - Financial Times News, analysis and opinion from the Financial Times on the latest in markets, economics and politics

”If the court sided with the administration’s view that the president could determine cause alone without judicial oversight, any president would be able to make up any cause to get rid of governors, removing the effective Fed independence that Congress had wanted when it wrote the Fed Reserve Act.”

22.01.2026 06:52 👍 15 🔁 4 💬 1 📌 0
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Luontokato tuli keskuspankkeihin ja rahapolitiikan analyysiin – Euro ja talous Ymmärrys luonnon merkityksestä talouden perustana on viime vuosina syventynyt. Luontokato, ilmastonmuutos ja äärisääilmiöt muodostavat toisiinsa kietoutuvan kokonaisuuden, joka lisää tarjontapuolen hä...

Seija Parviainen selittää huolellisesti artikkelissaan, kuinka luontokato on tullun mukaan rahapolitiikan analyysiin: www.eurojatalous.fi/fi/2026/arti...

21.01.2026 12:25 👍 1 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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America is courting the old crises Monetary policy is not meant to get as exciting as it has with the Trump administration’s attacks on the Fed

”..Every boring, senseless rule was written in blood once. The same is true for the institutions of America’s money. They were all designed, one after the other, after something exciting happened. There is so much more than just inflation to worry about.”

www.ft.com/content/ace5...

17.01.2026 09:21 👍 2 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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Donald Trump’s ‘unpredictable’ policies to fuel multiyear shift from US, Pimco says Cautious stance comes amid Wall St concerns over president’s attack on the Federal Reserve

”Everyone thinks we’re in crazyville and no one thinks there’s anything to the charges.”

www.ft.com/content/9b2f...

15.01.2026 06:58 👍 1 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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International central bankers on the statement by Federal Reserve Chair Powell on 11 January 2026 The European Central Bank (ECB) is the central bank of the European Union countries which have adopted the euro. Our main task is to maintain price stability in the euro area and so preserve the purch...

”We stand in full solidarity with the Federal Reserve System and its Chair Jerome H. Powell.”

”Chair Powell has served with integrity, focused on his mandate and an unwavering commitment to the public interest.”

🇪🇺🇬🇧🇸🇪🇩🇰🇨🇭🇦🇺🇨🇦🇰🇷🇧🇷
www.ecb.europa.eu/press/pr/dat...

13.01.2026 10:30 👍 14 🔁 4 💬 0 📌 0
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The ECB and other European and international central banks stand in full solidarity with the Federal Reserve System and its Chair Jerome H. Powell.

The independence of central banks is in the interest of the people we serve.

13.01.2026 10:21 👍 140 🔁 70 💬 1 📌 11
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Trade between EU member states is slowing, data shows Findings reinforce warnings from policymakers such as Christine Lagarde that internal market has ‘stood still’

””Fragmented” national legal rules “continue to make it complex and costly to establish and operate companies across the EU, with no progress to date”

www.ft.com/content/fbc7...

13.01.2026 05:45 👍 3 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0
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Extraordinary statement from Fed Chair Jerome Powell. Explicitly calling out intimidation from the Trump administration, and in the process setting the bar for independence for his successor.
www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/s...

12.01.2026 06:58 👍 27 🔁 8 💬 2 📌 1
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Suomessa luultiin vuosikymmeniä, ettei Tšernobylin ydinonnettomuus tuonut mitään haittoja – nyt tutkimus osoittaa toisin Tutkimus paljastaa, että osalla säteily on vaikuttanut ylioppilaskokeisiin ja korkeakouluun pääsemiseen.

"Tutkimus osoittaa, että säteily on vaikuttanut selvästi ylioppilaskirjoitusten tuloksiin henkilöillä, jotka saivat Suomen mittakaavassa runsaan säteilyaltistuksen sikiöaikana."
yle.fi/a/74-20199158
#Tšernobyl #vaikutusarvio #kausaalipäättely

06.01.2026 12:45 👍 18 🔁 3 💬 2 📌 1
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Venezuela and the trouble with the Donroe doctrine [FREE TO READ] A world order built around great power spheres of influence is a recipe for instability and conflict

"Swapping American dominance of the western hemisphere for Chinese dominance of east Asia would be the deal of the century. For China."

@gideonrachman.bsky.social on the wild scenes of the Donroe Doctrine: as.ft.com/r/3d92b5c5-3...

05.01.2026 14:15 👍 81 🔁 31 💬 2 📌 1
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Suomen Pankki: Elämää rahaliitossa : Yhteisestä rahasta kohti valtioiden liittoa?

Painavaa pohdintaa raha- ja poliittisen liiton toiminnasta ja tulevaisuudesta: publications.bof.fi/handle/10024...

02.01.2026 18:36 👍 3 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0

US AI investment boom shows no signs of slowing.

23.12.2025 13:57 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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How the EU can make the single market work better Brussels has more power to apply and enforce the rules than it is currently using

”The integration of national markets remains elusive in services, is incomplete in goods, and is in many ways going backwards rather than progressing.”

www.ft.com/content/0ee6...

18.12.2025 20:17 👍 1 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
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How Luxembourg tamed the ‘monster’ of a unified EU market Backed by other small states, the duchy has thwarted the push for centralised supervision

FT taustoittaa (tai mielipiteistää) viime viikolla julkistetun SIU-paketin [aka / ex CMU] tavoitteita ja kipukohtia.

10.12.2025 06:00 👍 2 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0
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War-induced economic convergence in Russian regions This paper examines the impact of Russia's 2022 full-scale invasion of Ukraine on Russia’s economy at a subnational, or “regional,” level. The analysis focuses on the regional disparities and converge...

Our new @piie.com Working Paper on Russia’s war-induced regional convergence with @eribakova.bsky.social & @ygorodnichenko.bsky.social now out! @bofit.suomenpankki.fi @suomenpankki.fi

Many poorer regions saw their incomes rise faster 2022-24 as public spending rose🇷🇺

www.piie.com/publications...

09.12.2025 18:12 👍 17 🔁 13 💬 1 📌 1
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Three-year temperature average set to exceed 1.5C for first time Data shows 2025 is on track to be the third-warmest on record after November temperature rise of 1.54C

Three-year temperature average set to exceed 1.5C for first time on.ft.com/3MnJ8nQ

09.12.2025 03:01 👍 33 🔁 18 💬 2 📌 3
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Donald Trump’s bleak, incoherent foreign-policy strategy Allies may panic; despots will cheer

”Suggesting that most Europeans want peace even if it means surrendering to Vladimir Putin, and asserting that their governments are standing in the way, the strategy calls for a rapid end to the war in order to prevent escalation.”

www.economist.com/united-state...

07.12.2025 11:09 👍 1 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0