Lee Cronin

AI cannot in principle make novel discoveries.

Quantifying the Emergence of Selection Prior to Biological Evolution Selection is central to biological evolution, yet there has been no general experimental framework for quantifying selection in chemical systems before life. Here we demonstrate that selection in a pr...

Can assembly theory & assembly equation be used to measure selection in real experiments? arxiv.org/abs/2512.18752

Assembly Addition Chains In this paper we extend the notion of Addition Chains over Z+ to a general set S. We explain how the algebraic structure of Assembly Multi-Magma over the pairs (S,BB proper subset of S) allows to defi...

Assembly addition chains: arxiv.org/abs/2512.18030

Policing words is the same as policing thoughts. An open society should have no limits on words. Words are the meta space where ideas need to be formed and compete. If you prevent ideas you don’t like then you harm the future of the human race & usher in tyranny.

With AI I can be both chemist & director.

Here is Quantum Chemputation conceptually. Go from the physical properties you want to a possible molecular graph, but then apply the rules of synthetic chemistry to ensure it is Chemputatable and therefore makable.

Causation requires matter. But causal matter requires evolution.

Chemputer and Chemputation -- A Universal Chemical Compound Synthesis Machine Chemputation reframes synthesis as the programmable execution of reaction code on a universally re-configurable hardware graph. Here we prove that a chemputer equipped with a finite, but extensible, s...

Digital chemistry won’t just happen by bolting a chatbot to a liquid handling robot. It needs a fundamental new approach to allow the programming of matter, or chemputation. The theory & practical implementation is outlined here: arxiv.org/abs/2408.09171

“Chemputation” and the Rise of Digital Chemistry Discover how digital chemistry is shaping the future of drug and materials discovery through automation and scalable innovation.

www.technologynetworks.com/informatics/... #chemputation #digitalchemistry

Chemputation will lead to an exponential growth of the number of molecules synthetically accessible. It transcends the limits of manual labor by using a Turing-like ontology for error correction to ensure we can go deeper into chemical space. arxiv.org/abs/2408.09171

We are doing so much using chemputation your ‘demands’ are mute. It simply makes no sense to imagine that all chemistry won’t be done using code.

AI is showing us that creativity sits in an entirely different category to data retrieval.

Chemputation is universal.

So we opened the worlds first Chemifarm today! www.chemify.io

Now in 2025, Chemify is opening the worlds first Chemifarm, which is the first commercial facility for chemputation able to do chemical design, discovery, & manufacture on demand. www.chemifyx.com

Making digital chemistry truly universal for chemputation (digital control of chemsitry) required a new approach to hardware, wetware, & software with the development of XDL. www.science.org/doi/10.1126/... Now the theory showing universality is done. arxiv.org/abs/2408.09171

In 2012 I had a dream of universal digital chemistry for chemputation inspired by 3D printing technology. By 2016 we made a key advance. We went from a vision to a universal code for organic synthesis - in this case making Ibuprofen in a hacked 3D printer. www.beilstein-journals.org/bjoc/article...

Chemputer and Chemputation - A Universal Chemical Compound Synthesis Machine Chemputation, the execution of code controlled reaction pathways on universally reconfigurable hardware, offers a route to treating chemical synthesis as a formally computable i.e. chemputable process...

This helps redefine what a molecule is & that blows my mind. arxiv.org/abs/2408.09171

Want to know why Chemputation redefines the very concept of what a molecule is? Updated preprint arxiv.org/abs/2408.09171

Well we know what molecules are according to the text books, but do we know what Molecules are according the theory of Chemputation…this is coming soon (Molecules from molecules is a play on Humans from humans by @aptshadow.bsky.social).

Just finished redefining the idea of a molecule using assembly theory. Will preprint soon.

SCAM ALERT. This is a fake conference that ripped off my and other people’s names to trick people into registering. There is no such conference that I or the others shown were invited or agreed to. We are working to try to get this fraud taken down from the web.

chemsymposia.com

The ghost of computation makes us believe that computation is fundamental. There is no physical basis for this. Computation is a human construct

Chemputers can be programmed using our chemical programming language (XDL) to make molecular machines. Great work by the team dlvr.it/TJsSjt Video done in collaboration with SciCommStudios.

To solve intelligence you need to solve life, to solve life you need to solve the origin of life. Assembly theory aims to make progress across the board but progress is not guaranteed.

Academia is under attack by the tech bros, which is hilarious because all their ‘tech’ was invented in academia.

Critical thinking, freedom of speech, & freedom to disagree are hard won & should be hard won every single day. Don’t take them for granted with nonsensical isms.

Saturday night radioactivity.

Chemputers are Turing complete & this is going to accelerate chemistry dramatically. Chem/acc

Ridge surfing in Sedona.