JAMA Oncology

Forest plot showing association between patient preference for survival/quality of life and clinical outcomes. Outcomes listed with Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Outcomes include: Treatment modifications@0, Hospitalizations@1, Grade 3 to 5 TRAEs@2, Death at 6 mo@3, Death at 12 mo@4.

Older adults with advanced #cancer mainly prioritized quality of life, but their treatment preferences were not associated with differences in survival, hospitalization, or adverse effects.

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An infographic titled, "Taking care of your mouth during cancer treatment." Text describes mouth issues, such as mouth sores and dry mouth. An open mouth with cavities is shown, as are dental hygiene products, like mouthwash.

📄 This JAMA Oncology Patient Page describes different types of common mouth problems during #cancer treatment and how to care for them.

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JAMA Oncology "Research Letter" titled "Upadacitinib for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Dermatitis: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial" by Chengshui Chen, MD, PhD1; Xinyu Liang, MD1; Zheng Peng, MD1; et al. Published Online: March 5, 2026.

Oral upadacitinib achieved rapid resolution and pruritus relief in severe immune checkpoint inhibitor–related #Dermatitis, with no serious treatment-related adverse events.

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Forest plot showing association between patient preference for survival or quality of life and clinical outcomes. Outcomes listed are treatment modifications@1.03, hospitalizations@0.84, Grade 3 to 5 TRAEs@0.74, death at 6 mo@0.72, death at 12 mo@1.18.

Older adults with advanced cancer mainly prioritized quality of life, but their treatment preferences were not associated with differences in survival, hospitalization, or adverse effects.

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Kaplan-Meier curves showing prognostic groups in cancer patients. Cohort A and B show overall tier assignment, stratified by untiered and tier-assigned groups. Additional curves stratify by Tiers 1-2, Tier 3(A), and Tiers 3B/4.

In patients with advanced solid tumors, survival improved when genomic therapy matching was based on robust clinical trial evidence; investigational or repurposed biomarker matches did not provide benefit.

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The figure shows cumulative incidence and progression-free survival graphs for entire cohort and SCC subgroup. Each graph plots data over time in months, with number at risk and number of events data provided.

Definitive radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy in anterior nasal cavity cancers achieved high rates of long-term organ preservation & favorable local recurrence rates for patients who declined rhinectomy or had unresectable disease. ja.ma/4bRp7ke

Figure 2, titled "Proposed Strategies to Enhance Clinical Cancer Research," details strategies in four sections: trial design, patient roles, clinical data sharing, and biospecimen sharing, each with bullet points and relevant icons.

📢 This Special Communication describes obstacles to sharing data and biospecimens and proposes strategies to enhance access and collaboration. ja.ma/4tJmdVk

Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier curves displaying RFS and OS for patients with and without adjuvant imatinib. Curves show probability over time, with medians and confidence intervals given. Number at risk is shown over time for observation and adjuvant imatinib.

Adjuvant imatinib was associated with longer recurrence-free and overall survival in high-risk patients with KIT exon 9–mutated gastrointestinal stromal tumors, with similar outcomes for 400 mg/d vs 800 mg/d dosing. ja.ma/3MExci3

A "Brief Report" from JAMA Oncology titled, "Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Diabetes Across National Cancer Institute Trials That Included PD-1 or PD-L1 Agents", by Zoe E. Quandt, et al. Published online December 26, 2025.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor–induced #diabetes occurred in 0.52% of patients across 158 National Cancer Institute trials, with higher incidence for combination immunotherapy and lower rates when combined with #chemotherapy. ja.ma/4qPeORG

An editorial titled "Risk-Based Screening for Breast Cancer Time to Focus on Implementation" by Nancy L. Keating, MD, MPH; Lydia E. Pace, MD, MPH, discussing the benefits and harms of breast cancer screening.

💬 Editorial: Most women in the WISDOM trial preferred tailored, risk-based #BreastCancer screening, highlighting its patient acceptability and supporting a shift from age-based protocols.

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Figure 3 displays odds ratios (ORs) by adverse event (AE) and baseline fatigue level, with fatigue amount on the x-axis and OR (log scale) on the y-axis. Lines represent Grades 5, 4 or 5, and 3-5, showing increasing OR with fatigue.

Among over 7000 patients with #cancer, higher baseline fatigue before systemic therapy was linked to an increased risk of severe, life-threatening, and fatal adverse events. ja.ma/3ZIIjJE

Figure 1. Survival Curves with three graphs: A) overall vs progression-free survival, B) overall survival, and C) progression-free survival. Each shows survival percentages over 20 years post-randomization, comparing 'R-CHOP' and 'CHOP-RIT' treatments.

Fifteen-year follow-up of the SWOG S0016 trial demonstrates that 42% of patients with advanced-stage #FollicularLymphoma treated with CHOP-based chemoimmunotherapy achieve functional cure.

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Line graph shows cumulative incidence of high-grade vulvovaginal lesions stratified by HPV vaccination status and age. Unvaccinated individuals show a higher incidence than those vaccinated at age ≥17 or 10-16.

Quadrivalent #HPV vaccination was associated with lower rates of high-grade vulvovaginal lesions, especially among women vaccinated at ages 10 to 16, in a large cohort study. ja.ma/3MyKqN1

A survival graph titled "Figure 2. Independent Review Committee-Assessed Progression-Free Survival (PFS) in the Intent-to-Treat Analysis Set" shows a Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy line(dark blue) starting at 100% and placebo plus chemotherapy(light brown).

In recurrent or metastatic #NasopharyngealCancer, tislelizumab plus chemotherapy led to longer overall survival and durable progression-free survival compared with placebo plus chemotherapy.

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JAMA Oncology viewpoint: "Stroke in Patients With Cancer—Time Is Brain" by Ronda Lun, MD, MSc@1, Jeffrey Q. Cao, MD, MBA@2, Andrew Demchuk, MD@3; Published online December 11, 2025. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.5234

💬 Viewpoint: Effective stroke care for patients with cancer requires rapid interdisciplinary communication, clear documentation of prognosis and goals of care, and urgent application of acute stroke therapies.

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JAMA Oncology visual abstract. RCT: Enhancement of Patient-Centered Lung Cancer Screening: the MyLungHealth Randomized Clinical Trial. Population: 13580 Men, 13144 Women. Intervention: 26729 Patients randomized. Findings: MyLungHealth increased the identification of LCS-eligible patients.

The MyLungHealth randomized trial found that digital tools improved eligibility assessment and CT ordering for #LungCancer screening, but gains in scan completion were limited. ja.ma/4rShe2y

JAMA Oncology viewpoint: "Managing Nonfinancial Conflicts of Interest in Oncology Research—A Guide for Practice" by Annabelle D. Robinson, Anthony M. Joshua, and Wendy Lipworth; published online December 18, 2025.

💬 Viewpoint: Nonfinancial conflicts, including relationships and beliefs, can shape #Oncology research outcomes, highlighting the need for routine disclosure and management to support scientific credibility.

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JAMA Oncology RCT: Overall Survival With First-Line vs Second-Line CDK4/6 Inhibitor Use in Advanced Breast Cancer. Population: 0 males, 1050 females. Intervention: 1050 patients randomized. Settings: 74 hospitals in the Netherlands. Includes survival probability graph.

First-line CDK4/6 inhibitor use did not improve overall survival vs second-line use in advanced hormone receptor–positive, ERBB2-negative #BreastCancer and increased grade ≥3 adverse events.

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JAMA Oncology editorial: "Unraveling the Complexity of Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment in Breast Cancer—Effect of Differing Treatments and Menopausal Status" by Michelle C. Janelsins, PhD, MPH@1 and Allison Magnuson, DO, MS@2, published December 11, 2025.

💬 Editorial: Cancer-related cognitive impairment frequently affects #BreastCancer survivors and may persist for years after treatment, with greater risk among those receiving chemoendocrine therapy.

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JAMA Oncology RCT analyzes cognitive impairment with different therapies by menopausal status. 568 women, median age 48 (pre) & 62 (post). CET@1 has a greater negative effect. Graph shows cognitive function over time; data on T scores included.

In this secondary analysis of the RxPONDER trial, chemoendocrine therapy was associated with greater and more persistent self-reported cognitive impairment than endocrine therapy alone in both pre- and postmenopausal women with #BreastCancer.

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Kaplan-Meier curve shows event-free survival probabilities for BTKi and non-BTKi cohorts over time. Dot plot displays hazard ratios (95% CI) for CVD outcomes like pericardial effusion and myocardial infarction, favoring either BTKi or non-BTKi.

This study demonstrates that therapy with Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors for B-cell malignant diseases significantly increases the risk of pericardial effusion and several other cardiovascular events compared with alternative regimens.

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JAMA Oncology presents an editorial, "Tailored COX-2 Inhibition for Precision Adjuvant Therapy of Localized Metastatic Colon Cancer" by David A. Drew, PhD@1; Philip E. Castle, PhD, MPH@2. Published December 4, 2025.

💬 Editorial: Precision adjuvant therapy for stage III #ColonCancer may be enhanced through molecular profiling for ctDNA status and PIK3CA mutation, informing use of celecoxib or aspirin alongside standard treatment.

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Disease-Free and Overall Survival Estimates by ctDNA status: two graphs show survival rates over 6 years. The top graph tracks disease-free survival, while the bottom shows overall survival, each split between ctDNA-negative (higher) and ctDNA-positive (lower) groups.

ctDNA status may help identify which patients benefit from adjuvant celecoxib, supporting personalized treatment approaches in #ColonCancer. ja.ma/4rRtSyX

Forest plot comparing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. It lists diagnoses like 'Any CVD', 'Hypertension' with corresponding numbers, hazard ratios (HR), confidence intervals (CI), and P values, indicating risk levels for controls vs. AYAs with cervical HSIL.

Adolescent and young adult women with prior cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions had elevated risks of #CVD, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cerebrovascular mortality compared with matched controls.

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Forest plot comparing cardiovascular disease(CVD) risk. Diagnosis includes Any CVD, Hypertension, Arrhythmia, Atrial fibrillation, IHD, AMI, Heart failure, VHD, Cerebrovascular disease. Higher risk for controls and AYAs with cervical HSIL are indicated with P values.

Adolescent and young adult women with prior cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions had elevated risks of #CVD, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cerebrovascular mortality compared with matched controls. ja.ma/4rDKpXL

JAMA Oncology RCT: Overall Survival With First-Line vs Second-Line CDK4/6 Inhibitor Use in Advanced Breast Cancer. Population: 0 males, 1050 females. Intervention: 1050 patients randomized. Settings: 74 hospitals in the Netherlands. Includes survival probability graph.

First-line CDK4/6 inhibitor use did not improve overall survival vs second-line use in advanced hormone receptor–positive, ERBB2-negative #BreastCancer and increased grade ≥3 adverse events.

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Article titled: Lessons From the SONIA Trial on Timing of CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Advanced Breast Cancer—The Sooner, the Better? by Carmine Valenza, MD, MPH; Harold J. Burstein, MD, PhD. It discusses the SONIA study's findings on first-line CDK4/6i.

💬Editorial: SONIA demonstrates that reserving #CDK46 inhibitors for progression is generally appropriate for postmenopausal patients with hormone receptor–positive #BreastCancer, supporting individualized sequencing and shared decision-making.

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JAMA Oncology RCT: Overall Survival With First-Line vs Second-Line CDK4/6 Inhibitor Use in Advanced Breast Cancer. Population: 0 males, 1050 females. Intervention: 1050 patients randomized. Settings: 74 hospitals in the Netherlands. Includes survival probability graph.

First-line CDK4/6 inhibitor use did not improve overall survival vs second-line use in advanced hormone receptor–positive, ERBB2-negative #BreastCancer and increased grade ≥3 adverse events.

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Bar plots show model performance across ancestry and specimen sites. Graph A: Ancestry subgroups show DeepGEM and EAGLE model performance for European, American, Asian, and African ancestries. Graph B: Specimen sites show DeepGEM and EAGLE model performance for Lung, Lymph node, Brain, Liver, Pleura, Soft tissue, Other, Adrenal gland, and Bone specimen sites.

Open-source #AI models for #LungCancer EGFR mutation prediction showed high accuracy overall but reduced performance in Asian patients and pleural samples, indicating the need for broader validation.

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Kaplan-Meier curves show 10-year survival for sFT and sRP. sFT starts at 100% and declines to about 60%. sRP starts near 100%, ending around 70%. 'Years since salvage treatment' is on the x-axis, 'Overall survival, %' on the y-axis. N at risk provided.

In localized radiorecurrent #ProstateCancer, salvage focal therapy provided similar 10-year survival outcomes as radical prostatectomy but resulted in substantially fewer perioperative complications.

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